Recognize different damage images
Chipped concrete, traces of rust, cracks, hollow spots and leaks may be related, but do not automatically require the same repair. Carbonation, chlorides, water penetration, loading and movement must be distinguished.
The surface extent may be smaller than the affected area around the reinforcement. Tapping, measuring and, where necessary, additional examination help determine the repair limit.
Assess cracks and movement
Not every crack is constructive, but an unknown crack should not be closed immediately either. Width, direction, moisture, contamination and possible movement determine the recovery method.
Active cracks and joints require room for movement or a targeted injection and detail solution. Otherwise, a rigid surface repair may crack again.
- Crack width and gradient
- Active or stable
- Dry, moist or water-bearing
- Constructive function
- Temperature or usage movement
Make reinforcement easily accessible
Loose and weakened concrete is removed until a sufficiently solid surface remains. Corrosive reinforcement must be accessible all around for cleaning and assessment.
In the event of serious material loss or doubt about the structural function, an assessment by a structural engineer is required. Repair mortar does not automatically restore the load-bearing capacity.
Repair the surface
Repair products must match layer thickness, orientation, strength and exposure. The connection between old and new concrete requires proper preparation and post-treatment.
Before a coating, flatness, pores, residual moisture and tensile strength are checked. The repair must be sufficiently cured and compatible with subsequent coats.
Protect the new starting situation
Only after recovery can a protective system help to limit water, carbon dioxide, chlorides or chemicals. Required vapor permeability and crack bridging vary per construction.
Record repair areas, applied structure and maintenance points. This makes it visible later which damage has been treated.
This explanation is general and does not constitute project-specific system advice. Subsurface investigation, tax and official system documentation remain decisive.